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javascript:date_format [2016/07/07 20:08] – created peterjavascript:date_format [2020/07/15 09:30] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ====== JavaScript - Date format ====== ====== JavaScript - Date format ======
 +
 +JavaScript provides a bunch of [[http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference:Global_Objects:Date#Methods|methods for getting and setting parts of a date object]], but it lacks a simple way to format dates and times according to a user-specified mask.
 +
 +[[http://php.net/date|PHP]]'s date function and ColdFusion's discrete [[http://livedocs.adobe.com/coldfusion/8/htmldocs/functions_c-d_29.html|dateFormat]] and [[http://livedocs.adobe.com/coldfusion/8/htmldocs/functions_t-z_02.html|timeFormat]] functions provide good approaches to follow.
 +
 +PHP uses a crazy mix of letters to represent various date entities.  It does offer the advantages that you can apply both date and time formatting with one function, and that none of the special characters overlap.
 +
 +ColdFusion on the other hand have conflicting letters where m and mm mean different things depending on whether you're dealing with dates or times. On the other hand, ColdFusion uses very easy to remember special characters for masks.
 +
 +With my date formatter, I've tried to take the best features from both, and add some sugar of my own. It did end up a lot like the ColdFusion implementation though, since I've primarily used CF's mask syntax.
 +
  
 <code javascript> <code javascript>
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 // 10:46:21 PM UTC // 10:46:21 PM UTC
 </code> </code>
 +
 +
 +
 +^Mask^Description^
 +|d|Day of the month as digits; no leading zero for single-digit days.|
 +|dd|Day of the month as digits; leading zero for single-digit days.|
 +|ddd|Day of the week as a three-letter abbreviation.|
 +|dddd|Day of the week as its full name.|
 +|m|Month as digits; no leading zero for single-digit months.|
 +|mm|Month as digits; leading zero for single-digit months.|
 +|mmm|Month as a three-letter abbreviation.|
 +|mmmm|Month as its full name.|
 +|yy|Year as last two digits; leading zero for years less than 10.|
 +|yyyy|Year represented by four digits.|
 +|h|Hours; no leading zero for single-digit hours (12-hour clock).|
 +|hh|Hours; leading zero for single-digit hours (12-hour clock).|
 +|H|Hours; no leading zero for single-digit hours (24-hour clock).|
 +|HH|Hours; leading zero for single-digit hours (24-hour clock).|
 +|M|Minutes; no leading zero for single-digit minutes. Uppercase M unlike CF timeFormat's m to avoid conflict with months.|
 +|MM|Minutes; leading zero for single-digit minutes. Uppercase MM unlike CF timeFormat's mm to avoid conflict with months.|
 +|s|Seconds; no leading zero for single-digit seconds.|
 +|ss|Seconds; leading zero for single-digit seconds.|
 +|l or L|Milliseconds. l gives 3 digits. L gives 2 digits.|
 +|t|Lowercase, single-character time marker string: a or p.  No equivalent in CF.|
 +|tt|Lowercase, two-character time marker string: am or pm.  No equivalent in CF.|
 +|T|Uppercase, single-character time marker string: A or P.  Uppercase T unlike CF's t to allow for user-specified casing.|
 +|TT|Uppercase, two-character time marker string: AM or PM.  Uppercase TT unlike CF's tt to allow for user-specified casing.|
 +|Z|US timezone abbreviation, e.g. EST or MDT.  With non-US timezones or in the Opera browser, the GMT/UTC offset is returned, e.g. GMT-0500
 +No equivalent in CF.|
 +|o|GMT/UTC timezone offset, e.g. -0500 or +0230.  No equivalent in CF.|
 +|S|The date's ordinal suffix (st, nd, rd, or th). Works well with d.  No equivalent in CF.|
 +|'…' or "…"|Literal character sequence. Surrounding quotes are removed.  No equivalent in CF.|
 +|UTC:|Must be the first four characters of the mask.// Converts the date from local time to UTC/GMT/Zulu time before applying the mask.// The "UTC:" prefix is removed.  No equivalent in CF.|
 +
 +
 +===== Named Masks (provided by default) =====
 +
 +
 +It is easy to change these or add your own.
 +
 +^Name^Mask^Example^
 +|default|ddd mmm dd yyyy HH:MM:ss|Sat Jun 09 2007 17:46:21|
 +|shortDate|m/d/yy|6/9/07|
 +|mediumDate|mmm d, yyyy|Jun 9, 2007|
 +|longDate|mmmm d, yyyy|June 9, 2007|
 +|fullDate|dddd, mmmm d, yyyy|Saturday, June 9, 2007|
 +|shortTime|h:MM TT|5:46 PM|
 +|mediumTime|h:MM:ss TT|5:46:21 PM|
 +|longTime|h:MM:ss TT Z|5:46:21 PM EST|
 +|isoDate|yyyy-mm-dd|2007-06-09|
 +|isoTime|HH:MM:ss|17:46:21|
 +|isoDateTime|yyyy-mm-dd'T'HH:MM:ss|2007-06-09T17:46:21|
 +|isoUtcDateTime|UTC:yyyy-mm-dd'T'HH:MM:ss'Z'|2007-06-09T22:46:21Z|
 +
 +
 +
 +
 +===== Library =====
 +
 +See http://blog.stevenlevithan.com/archives/date-time-format
 +
 +<code javascript>
 +/*
 + * Date Format 1.2.3
 + * (c) 2007-2009 Steven Levithan <stevenlevithan.com>
 + * MIT license
 + *
 + * Includes enhancements by Scott Trenda <scott.trenda.net>
 + * and Kris Kowal <cixar.com/~kris.kowal/>
 + *
 + * Accepts a date, a mask, or a date and a mask.
 + * Returns a formatted version of the given date.
 + * The date defaults to the current date/time.
 + * The mask defaults to dateFormat.masks.default.
 + */
 +
 +var dateFormat = function () {
 +  var token = /d{1,4}|m{1,4}|yy(?:yy)?|([HhMsTt])\1?|[LloSZ]|"[^"]*"|'[^']*'/g,
 +      timezone = /\b(?:[PMCEA][SDP]T|(?:Pacific|Mountain|Central|Eastern|Atlantic) (?:Standard|Daylight|Prevailing) Time|(?:GMT|UTC)(?:[-+]\d{4})?)\b/g,
 +      timezoneClip = /[^-+\dA-Z]/g,
 +      pad = function (val, len) {
 +              val = String(val);
 +              len = len || 2;
 +              while (val.length < len) val = "0" + val;
 +              return val;
 +            };
 +
 +  // Regexes and supporting functions are cached through closure
 +  return function (date, mask, utc) {
 +    var dF = dateFormat;
 +
 +    // You can't provide utc if you skip other args (use the "UTC:" mask prefix)
 +    if (arguments.length == 1 && Object.prototype.toString.call(date) == "[object String]" && !/\d/.test(date)) {
 +      mask = date;
 +      date = undefined;
 +    }
 +
 +    // Passing date through Date applies Date.parse, if necessary
 +    date = date ? new Date(date) : new Date;
 +    if (isNaN(date)) throw SyntaxError("invalid date");
 +
 +    mask = String(dF.masks[mask] || mask || dF.masks["default"]);
 +
 +    // Allow setting the utc argument via the mask
 +    if (mask.slice(0, 4) == "UTC:") {
 +      mask = mask.slice(4);
 +      utc = true;
 +    }
 +
 +    var _ = utc ? "getUTC" : "get",
 +        d = date[_ + "Date"](),
 +        D = date[_ + "Day"](),
 +        m = date[_ + "Month"](),
 +        y = date[_ + "FullYear"](),
 +        H = date[_ + "Hours"](),
 +        M = date[_ + "Minutes"](),
 +        s = date[_ + "Seconds"](),
 +        L = date[_ + "Milliseconds"](),
 +        o = utc ? 0 : date.getTimezoneOffset(),
 +        flags = {
 +           d: d,
 +          dd: pad(d),
 +         ddd: dF.i18n.dayNames[D],
 +        dddd: dF.i18n.dayNames[D + 7],
 +           m: m + 1,
 +          mm: pad(m + 1),
 +         mmm: dF.i18n.monthNames[m],
 +        mmmm: dF.i18n.monthNames[m + 12],
 +          yy: String(y).slice(2),
 +        yyyy: y,
 +           h: H % 12 || 12,
 +          hh: pad(H % 12 || 12),
 +           H: H,
 +          HH: pad(H),
 +           M: M,
 +          MM: pad(M),
 +           s: s,
 +          ss: pad(s),
 +           l: pad(L, 3),
 +           L: pad(L > 99 ? Math.round(L / 10) : L),
 +           t: H < 12 ? "a"  : "p",
 +          tt: H < 12 ? "am" : "pm",
 +           T: H < 12 ? "A"  : "P",
 +          TT: H < 12 ? "AM" : "PM",
 +           Z: utc ? "UTC" : (String(date).match(timezone) || [""]).pop().replace(timezoneClip, ""),
 +           o: (o > 0 ? "-" : "+") + pad(Math.floor(Math.abs(o) / 60) * 100 + Math.abs(o) % 60, 4),
 +           S: ["th", "st", "nd", "rd"][d % 10 > 3 ? 0 : (d % 100 - d % 10 != 10) * d % 10]
 +        };
 +
 +    return mask.replace(token, function ($0) {
 +      return $0 in flags ? flags[$0] : $0.slice(1, $0.length - 1);
 +    });
 +  };
 +}();
 +
 +
 +// Some common format strings
 +dateFormat.masks = {
 +  "default":      "ddd mmm dd yyyy HH:MM:ss",
 +  shortDate:      "m/d/yy",
 +  mediumDate:     "mmm d, yyyy",
 +  longDate:       "mmmm d, yyyy",
 +  fullDate:       "dddd, mmmm d, yyyy",
 +  shortTime:      "h:MM TT",
 +  mediumTime:     "h:MM:ss TT",
 +  longTime:       "h:MM:ss TT Z",
 +  isoDate:        "yyyy-mm-dd",
 +  isoTime:        "HH:MM:ss",
 +  isoDateTime:    "yyyy-mm-dd'T'HH:MM:ss",
 +  isoUtcDateTime: "UTC:yyyy-mm-dd'T'HH:MM:ss'Z'"
 +};
 +
 +
 +// Internationalization strings
 +dateFormat.i18n = {
 +  dayNames: [
 +    "Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat",
 +    "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"
 +  ],
 +  monthNames: [
 +    "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec",
 +    "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"
 +  ]
 +};
 +
 +
 +// For convenience...
 +Date.prototype.format = function (mask, utc) {
 +  return dateFormat(this, mask, utc);
 +};
 +</code>
 +
 +Note that the day and month names can be changed (for internationalization or other purposes) by updating the **dateFormat.i18n** object. 
javascript/date_format.1467922085.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/07/15 09:30 (external edit)
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